Is Gardnerella A Sexually Transmitted Disease?

Gardnerella is a type of bacteria commonly found in the female reproductive system. It is usually harmless but can sometimes lead to a vaginal infection called bacterial vaginosis (BV). BV is not considered a sexually transmitted disease (STD) because it can occur in women who are not sexually active. However the bacteria can be spread through sexual activity having multiple sexual partners can increase your risk of developing BV.

What Causes Gardnerella?

Gardnerella is a normal part of the vaginal flora in most women but an overgrowth of the bacteria can cause BV. The exact cause of BV is not well understood but several factors can increase your risk of developing it including:

• Having multiple sexual partners or a new sexual partner
• Douching
• Using an intrauterine device (IUD)
• Using antibiotics
• Pregnancy
• Having a weakened immune system

What are the Symptoms of BV?

BV can cause several symptoms including:

• A strong fishy odor
• Gray or white vaginal discharge
• Itching or irritation around the vagina
• Burning with urination

However some women may not experience any symptoms BV can only be diagnosed by a healthcare provider.

How is Gardnerella Treated?

Treatment for BV usually involves antibiotics which can be taken orally or applied directly to the vagina. It is important to complete the full course of antibiotics even if your symptoms improve to prevent the infection from recurring. Your healthcare provider may also recommend avoiding sexual activity or using a condom during treatment to prevent the spread of the bacteria.

How Can BV be Prevented?

You can lower your risk of developing BV by:

• Limiting your number of sexual partners
• Avoiding douching
• Using condoms during sexual activity
• Avoiding strong soaps or perfumes in the genital area

Overall Gardnerella is not considered an STD but can be spread through sexual activity leading to BV. BV can cause several symptoms but can be treated with antibiotics. Practicing safe sex avoiding douching can help prevent BV from occurring.